Teori.
Terokai teori dan model psikologi yang mendasari ujian psikometrik kami, daripada Model Lima Faktor hingga kerangka klinikal DSM-5.
Dimensi Keterikatan Dewasa
Attachment anxiety and avoidance · ECR framework
Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G., & Brennan, K. A. (2000). An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(2), 350-365. Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Dua Faktor Afek
PANAS · Positive and Negative Affect · PA/NA independence
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Nilai Asas Manusia
Schwartz values · Value circumplex · 10 basic values
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65. Schwartz, S. H. (2012). An overview of the Schwartz theory of basic values. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(1).
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Temperamen Biotingkah Laku
EAS model · Emotionality-Activity-Sociability · Buss-Plomin temperament
Buss, A. H., & Plomin, R. (1984). Temperament: Early developing personality traits. Erlbaum.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Keletihan Melampau
CBI Burnout Model
Kristensen, T. S., Borritz, M., Villadsen, E., & Christensen, K. B. (2005). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work & Stress, 19(3), 192-207.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Sauh Kerjaya
COI · Career Orientations Inventory · Schein career anchors
Schein, E. H. (1990). Career anchors and job/role planning. MIT Sloan School of Management. Expanded in Schein, E. H. (2006). Career Anchors (3rd ed.). Pfeiffer.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Pembinaan Kerjaya
Career adaptability · CAAS framework · Savickas career theory
Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling (pp. 42-70). Wiley. Savickas, M. L. & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661-673.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kesukaran Membuat Keputusan Kerjaya
CDDQ framework · Career indecision taxonomy
Gati, I., Krausz, M., & Osipow, S. H. (1996). A taxonomy of difficulties in career decision making. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(4), 510-526.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Efikasi Kendiri Membuat Keputusan Kerjaya
CDMSE · CDSE · Career decision self-efficacy · Career confidence
Betz, N. E., Klein, K. L., & Taylor, K. M. (1996). Evaluation of a short form of the Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale. Journal of Career Assessment, 4(1), 47-57.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Masa Depan Kerjaya
CFI-R · Career Futures Inventory · Career outlook
Rottinghaus, P. J., Day, S. X., & Borgen, F. H. (2005). The Career Futures Inventory. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(1), 3-24. Revised: Rottinghaus, P. J., Buelow, K. L., & Matyja, A. (2012).
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Pengurusan Kendiri Kerjaya
Career engagement · Proactive career behavior
Hirschi, A., Freund, P. A., & Herrmann, A. (2014). The Career Engagement Scale: Development and validation of a measure of proactive career behaviors. Journal of Career Assessment, 22(4), 575-594.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kawalan Kognitif (Gangguan Stroop)
Stroop effect · Inhibitory control · Selective attention
Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(6), 643-662.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Gangguan Mental Lazim dalam Penjagaan Primer
Common mental distress · SRQ framework · Minor psychiatric morbidity
Harding, T. W., de Arango, M. V., Baltazar, J., Climent, C. E., Ibrahim, H. H. A., Ladrido-Ignacio, L., Murthy, R. S., & Wig, N. N. (1980). Mental disorders in primary health care: a study of their frequency and diagnosis in four developing countries. Psychological Medicine, 10(2), 231-241. Beusenberg, M., & Orley, J. (compilers) (1994). A User's Guide to the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ). Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/MNH/PSF/94.8.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Tingkah Laku Kerja Kontraproduktif
CWB · CWB-C · Deviant work behavior · Workplace deviance
Spector, P. E. & Fox, S. (2005). The stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behavior. In S. Fox & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive work behavior (pp. 151-174). APA.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Konsep Kendiri Kreatif
SSCS · Creative self-efficacy · Creative personal identity
Karwowski, M. (2012). Did curiosity kill the cat? Relationship between trait curiosity, creative self-efficacy and creative personal identity. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 8(4), 547-558.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Triad Gelap Personaliti
Dark Triad · SD3 framework · Dark Tetrad
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556-563. Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the Short Dark Triad (SD3): A brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28-41.
2 instrumen · 2 ujian
Membuat Keputusan dalam Ketidakpastian
Iowa Gambling Task · Somatic marker hypothesis · Risk-reward learning
Bechara, A., Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H., & Anderson, S. W. (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition, 50(1-3), 7-15.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Temperamen Perkembangan Thomas & Chess
NYLS temperament · Thomas-Chess 9 dimensions · Behavioral style model
Thomas, A., & Chess, S. (1977). Temperament and Development. Brunner/Mazel.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Kesedaran Penuh Disposisional
MAAS · Mindful attention · Everyday mindfulness
Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822-848.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Optimisme Disposisi
LOT-R Optimism · Positive Expectations
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063-1078.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Simptom Rentas Domain DSM-5
DSM-5 Level 1 · DSM-5 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measures
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.).
0 instrumen · 0 ujian
Model PTSD Empat Kelompok DSM-5
DSM-5 PTSD · 4-cluster PTSD
Friedman, M. J. (2014). Literature on DSM-5 and ICD-11. PTSD Research Quarterly, 25(2), 1-10.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Dwiproses Penaakulan
System 1 and System 2 · Cognitive reflection paradigm · CRT framework
Frederick, S. (2005). Cognitive Reflection and Decision Making. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4), 25-42. Toplak, M. E., West, R. F., & Stanovich, K. E. (2014). Assessing miserly information processing: An expansion of the Cognitive Reflection Test. Thinking & Reasoning, 20(2), 147-168.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Penyesuaian Diadik
RDAS · Couple adjustment · Relationship quality
Busby, D. M., Christensen, C., Crane, D. R., & Larson, J. H. (1995). A revision of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale for use with distressed and nondistressed couples. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 21(3), 289-308.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Sikap terhadap Pemakanan
EAT-26 · Eating disorder screening
Garner, D. M., Olmsted, M. P., Bohr, Y., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1982). The Eating Attitudes Test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychological Medicine, 12(4), 871-878.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Model Proses Pengawalan Emosi
Emotion regulation · Cognitive reappraisal · Expressive suppression · ERQ framework
Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271-299. Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Simptomatologi Kemurungan Epidemiologi
CES-D framework · Depressive Symptomatology
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1(3), 385-401.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Perancangan Eksekutif
Tower of London · Planning ability · Problem-solving
Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 298(1089), 199-209.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Kesejahteraan Kewangan
Subjective Financial Well-Being
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (2015). Financial well-being: The goal of financial education. CFPB (2015). Measuring financial well-being: A guide to using the CFPB Financial Well-Being Scale.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Lima Faset Kesedaran Penuh
FFMQ Model
Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27-45.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Lima Faktor
Big Five · FFM · OCEAN · NEO
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual.
3 instrumen · 3 ujian
Kesejahteraan Optimum Psikologi
Flourishing Scale · Diener flourishing · Psychosocial flourishing
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143-156.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Kecerdasan Emosi Empat Dimensi
Wong and Law EI model · Mayer and Salovey four-branch model
Wong, C.-S., & Law, K. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on performance and attitude: An exploratory study. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(3), 243-274. Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Disposisi Kesyukuran
GQ-6 · Grateful disposition
McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. (2002). The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(1), 112-127.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Grit
Grit (Duckworth)
Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(6), 1087-1101.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Penggunaan Alkohol yang Berbahaya dan Memudaratkan
Hazardous drinking · Harmful drinking · AUDIT framework
Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., de la Fuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption II. Addiction, 88(6), 791-804. Babor, T. F., Higgins-Biddle, J. C., Saunders, J. B., & Monteiro, M. G. (2001). AUDIT: Guidelines for Use in Primary Care (2nd ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/MSD/MSB/01.6a.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Struktur Personaliti HEXACO
HEXACO-PI-R · HEXACO
Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C. (2004). Psychometric properties of the HEXACO Personality Inventory. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(2), 329-358.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Harapan
Snyder Hope Scale · Agency and pathways · Will and ways
Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., ... & Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(4), 570-585.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Impulsiviti (Model Barratt)
BIS-11 · Barratt impulsivity · Motor impulsivity
Patton, J. H., Stanford, M. S., & Barratt, E. S. (1995). Factor structure of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(6), 768-774.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Tahap Keterukan Insomnia
ISI · Insomnia index
Bastien, C. H., Vallieres, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2(4), 297-307.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Sirkumpleks Interpersonal
IPC · Wiggins Circumplex
Wiggins, J. S. (1995). Interpersonal Adjective Scales: Professional Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Respons Item
IRT · Rasch · Rasch Measurement Theory · Latent Trait Theory
Lord, F. M. (1980). Applications of Item Response Theory to Practical Testing Problems.
0 instrumen · 0 ujian
Sikap Terhadap Pekerjaan
Job Satisfaction
Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1297-1349). Chicago: Rand McNally.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kepuasan Kerja (Model Faset)
JSS · Spector satisfaction · Job satisfaction facets
Spector, P. E. (1985). Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13(6), 693-713.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Pola Temperamen Keirsey
Keirsey temperament sorter model · Four temperament patterns
Keirsey, D. (1998). Please Understand Me II: Temperament, Character, Intelligence. Prometheus Nemesis Book Company.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Lokus Kawalan
IPC Locus of Control · Levenson LOC
Levenson, H. (1981). Differentiating among internality, powerful others, and chance. In H. Lefcourt (Ed.), Research with the Locus of Control Construct (Vol. 1, pp. 15-63).
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Percanggahan Kognitif bagi Kesunyian
UCLA Loneliness · Subjective loneliness · Social isolation
Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In S. Duck & R. Gilmour (Eds.), Personal relationships in disorder (pp. 31-56). Academic Press. Russell, D. (1996). UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 20-40.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Model Tripartit Kemurungan, Kebimbangan dan Tekanan
DAS Tripartite Model · Lovibond Tripartite Model · Tripartite Model
Lovibond, P. F. (1998). Long-term stability of depression, anxiety, and stress syndromes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(3), 520-526.
2 instrumen · 2 ujian
Kerangka Makna dalam Kehidupan
Presence/Search for Meaning
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kepagian-Kemalaman (Tipologi Sirkadian)
Chronotype · MEQ framework · Circadian preference
Horne, J. A., & Östberg, O. (1976). A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. International Journal of Chronobiology, 4(2), 97-110.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Empati Pelbagai Dimensi
Davis empathy model · IRI framework
Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 10, 85. Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 113-126.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Keperluan Kognisi
NFC · Cognitive Motivation
Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (1982). The need for cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42(1), 116-131.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Tingkah Laku Kewarganegaraan Organisasi
OCB · OCB-C · Extra-role behavior · Prosocial work behavior
Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Tiga Komponen Komitmen Organisasi
TCM · Meyer-Allen commitment · Affective commitment
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61-89.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Sokongan Organisasi
POS · SPOS · Perceived organizational support
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500-507.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Personaliti PEN
Eysenck PEN model · Psychoticism-Extraversion-Neuroticism · Three-factor personality
Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, S. B. G. (1985). Personality and individual differences: A natural science approach. Plenum Press.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Model Kesejahteraan Optimum PERMA
Flourishing · PERMA Well-Being
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A Visionary New Understanding of Happiness and Well-Being. New York: Free Press.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kerangka Saringan Klinikal PRIME-MD / PHQ
PRIME-MD · PHQ Framework
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., & Williams, J. B. W. (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. JAMA, 282(18), 1737-1744.
4 instrumen · 4 ujian
Kesejahteraan Mental Positif
WHO-5 framework · DepCare well-being
World Health Organization (2024). The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Geneva: World Health Organization. WHO/UCN/MSD/MHE/2024.1. Topp, C. W., Ostergaard, S. D., Sondergaard, S., & Bech, P. (2015). The WHO-5 Well-Being Index: a systematic review of the literature. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 84(3), 167-176.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Personaliti Proaktif
Proactive behavior · Initiative
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103-118.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Kelajuan Pemprosesan dan Fleksibiliti Kognitif
Trail Making · Set-shifting · Visual scanning speed
Reitan, R. M. (1958). Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8(3), 271-276.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Motivasi Temporal
Temporal motivation · Irrational delay · Self-regulatory failure
Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65-94. Steel, P. (2010). Arousal, avoidant and decisional procrastinators: Do they exist? Personality and Individual Differences, 48(8), 926-934.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Model Psikobiologi Temperamen dan Watak
Cloninger TCI model · Temperament and Character Inventory · Seven-factor temperament-character
Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1993). A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(12), 975-990.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Distres Psikologi Tidak Khusus
K10 · Kessler distress · Non-specific distress
Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Colpe, L. J., Hiripi, E., Mroczek, D. K., Normand, S.-L. T., Walters, E. E., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2002). Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological Medicine, 32(6), 959-976.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Faktor Psikososial Kerja
Psychosocial Risk Factors · Psychosocial Work Environment
Burr, H., Berthelsen, H., Moncada, S., et al. (2019). The Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Safety and Health at Work, 10(4), 482-503.
2 instrumen · 2 ujian
Temperamen Reaktif dan Kawal Kendiri
Rothbart adult temperament · ATQ model · Reactivity and self-regulation
Evans, D. E., & Rothbart, M. K. (2007). Developing a model for adult temperament. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(4), 868-888.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Kawal Atur Temperamen
Strelau RTT · FCB-TI model · Pavlovian temperament
Strelau, J., & Zawadzki, B. (1993). The Formal Characteristics of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI): Theoretical assumptions and scale construction. European Journal of Personality, 7(5), 313-336.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Kepekaan Peneguhan
RST · BIS/BAS · Gray's Theory
Gray, J. A. (1970). The psychophysiological basis of introversion-extraversion. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 8(3), 249-266.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Daya Tahan
Bounce-Back Resilience
Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Steger, M., & Tooley, E. (2008). The Brief Resilience Scale: Assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194-200.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Perencatan Tindak Balas
Go/No-Go · Motor inhibition · Impulse control (cognitive)
Donders, F. C. (1868/1969). On the speed of mental processes. Acta Psychologica, 30, 412-431.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Iklim Keselamatan Pekerjaan
Safety Culture (climate operationalisation)
Zohar, D. (1980). Safety climate in industrial organizations: Theoretical and applied implications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(1), 96-102.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Belas Kasihan Kendiri
Self-Compassion (Neff)
Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223-250.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Teori Konsep Kendiri
Self-Esteem Theory · Self-Concept
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Model Kekuatan Kawalan Kendiri
Ego depletion · Self-regulation · BSCS framework
Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1252-1265. Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271-324.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Penentuan Kendiri
SDT
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Pemantauan Kendiri
Snyder Self-Monitoring
Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30(4), 526-537.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Pencarian Sensasi
SSS · Zuckerman Sensation Seeking
Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kepimpinan Berkhidmat
SLS · Servant leader · Greenleaf leadership
van Dierendonck, D. & Nuijten, I. (2011). The Servant Leadership Survey: Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Measure. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26(3), 249-267.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kebimbangan Sosial
Social phobia · LSAS · Performance anxiety
Liebowitz, M. R. (1987). Social phobia. Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry, 22, 141-173.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Kognitif Sosial
SCT · Self-Efficacy Theory
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Sokongan Sosial yang Dipersepsikan
MSPSS framework · Social support theory
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30-41.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Tekanan yang Dipersepsikan
PSS Model · Cohen Stress
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385-396.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Kebahagiaan Subjektif
SHS framework · Global subjective happiness
Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46(2), 137-155.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Teori Kesejahteraan Subjektif
SWB · Life Satisfaction
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Keselamatan Psikologi Pasukan
Psychological Safety
Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44(2), 350-383.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Sifat Ingin Tahu sebagai Sifat
CEI-II · Dispositional curiosity · Curiosity and exploration
Kashdan, T. B., et al. (2009). The Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 987-998.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Model Transaksional Daya Tindak
Lazarus & Folkman Coping
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York: Springer.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Tingkah Laku Pemimpin Transformasional
Transformational leadership · TLI framework
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107-142. Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. Podsakoff, P. M., Todor, W. D., & Skov, R. (1984). Effects of leader contingent and noncontingent reward and punishment behaviors on subordinate performance and satisfaction.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Klasifikasi Kekuatan Karakter Values in Action
VIA-IS · Character Strengths · Values in Action · VIA Character Strengths · Values in Action Character Strengths
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Ingatan Kerja Visuospatial
Corsi span · Spatial span · Visuospatial sketchpad
Corsi, P. M. (1972). Human memory and the medial temporal region of the brain. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, McGill University.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Status Identiti Vokasional
VISA framework · Vocational identity development
Porfeli, E. J., Lee, B., Vondracek, F. W., & Weigold, I. K. (2011). A multi-dimensional measure of vocational identity status. Journal of Adolescence, 34(5), 853-871.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Minat Vokasional
Occupational Interests · RIASEC
Holland, J. L. (1959). A theory of vocational choice. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 6(1), 35-45.
2 instrumen · 2 ujian
Reka Bentuk Kerja
WDQ · Job design · Work characteristics
Morgeson, F. P. & Humphrey, S. E. (2006). The Work Design Questionnaire (WDQ): Developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1321-1339.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Keterlibatan Kerja
Employee Engagement (work engagement operationalisation)
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Pengemaskinian Ingatan Kerja
N-back · Working memory · Executive updating
Kirchner, W. K. (1958). Age differences in short-term retention of rapidly changing information. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 55(4), 352-358.
1 instrumen · 0 ujian
Motivasi Kerja (Teori Penentuan Kendiri)
WEIMS · SDT work · Work self-determination
Tremblay, M. A., Blanchard, C. M., Taylor, S., Pelletier, L. G., & Villeneuve, M. (2009). Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale: Its value for organizational psychology research. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 41(4), 213-226.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian
Nilai Kerja
SWVI-R · Super Work Values · Work value orientations
Super, D. E. (1970). Work Values Inventory. Houghton Mifflin. Revised: Zytowski, D. G. (2006). Super Work Values Inventory — Revised. Kuder Inc.
1 instrumen · 1 ujian