Mtindo wa Dalili Zinazopishana za DSM-5
Narrow, W. E.; Clarke, D. E.; Regier, D. A. · 2013
Pia inajulikana kama: DSM-5 Level 1 · DSM-5 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measures
Mfano wa Dalili za Kukata Msalaba wa DSM-5 unaanzisha mbinu ya tathmini ya kiwango, inayovuka utambuzi wa utambuzi wa magonjwa ya akili. Kipimo cha Kiwango cha 1 ni kichungi cha vipengele 23 vya swali vya kujiripoti kinachoshughulikia vikoa 13 vya dalili (sonona, wasiwasi, hasira, mania, dalili za kimwili, mawazo ya kujiua, saikosisi, usingizi, kumbukumbu, tabia za kurudia, kujitenga, utendaji wa haiba, matumizi ya dawa) zinazovuka uchunguzi wa kimatibabu. Ilitengenezwa kama sehemu ya majaribio ya uwanja wa DSM-5 ili kuongeza utambuzi wa kimatibabu wa jadi na ukadiriaji wa ukali wa kiwango.
Mielekeo ya dalili za uchunguzi mtambuka (sonona, wasiwasi, dhiki inayohusiana na mfadhaiko, n.k.) inayotumiwa na zana za uchunguzi zinazolingana na DSM-5 kama vile DASS-21 na PHQ-9.
- Chanzo:
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.).
Ushahidi kwa muhtasari
- Usaidizi wa kimajaribio
- Ushahidi wa wastani
- Urudufishaji
- Imenakiliwa kwa kiasi
- Kitamaduni mtambuka
- Haijajaribiwa kwenye tamaduni mbalimbali
- Tathmini jumuishi
- Hakuna iliyoorodheshwa
Ukadiriaji huu unatoa muhtasari wa maandishi yaliyochapishwa kuhusu nadharia hii, si ubora wa jaribio lolote moja lililojengwa juu yake. Hizi ni hukumu za uhariri kulingana na vyanzo vilivyoorodheshwa hapa chini, na hubadilika kadiri ushahidi unavyokusanywa.
Muktadha wa Kihistoria
Ilitengenezwa wakati wa mchakato wa kurekebisha wa DSM-5 (2007-2013) kufuatia miongo kadhaa ya ukosoaji kwamba uchunguzi wa aina unashindwa kunasa asili ya upande ya ugonjwa wa kisaikolojia na viwango vya juu vya magonjwa yanayoambatana. Vipimo vinavyovuka mipaka vilijaribiwa katika vituo 11 vya matibabu vya kitaaluma nchini Marekani na Kanada kama sehemu ya Majaribio ya Uga ya DSM-5 rasmi, yakiwakilisha jaribio la kwanza la kimfumo la APA la kuunganisha tathmini ya upande katika mwongozo wa utambuzi.
Dhana
Sonona
In the DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom framework, depression is assessed as a transdiagnostic symptom dimension that screens for the presence and severity of depressed mood and diminished interest or pleasure across psychiatric disorders, regardless of primary diagnosis (APA, 2013). As a dimensional measure, it captures the frequency of depressive symptoms over a two-week period to supplement categorical diagnosis and inform clinical decision-making about co-occurring symptomatology.
Wasiwasi
In the DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom framework, anxiety is assessed as a transdiagnostic symptom dimension that screens for the presence and severity of worry, nervousness, and anxious apprehension across psychiatric disorders, regardless of primary diagnosis (APA, 2013). It captures the frequency of anxiety-related symptoms to identify clinically relevant anxious distress that may co-occur with any primary condition and warrant further evaluation.
Mfadhaiko
In the DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom framework, stress-related distress is assessed as a transdiagnostic symptom dimension capturing perceived psychological burden, tension, and difficulty coping, screened alongside other domains to provide a comprehensive picture of psychiatric symptomatology beyond the primary diagnosis (APA, 2013). This dimensional approach recognizes that clinically significant stress responses frequently co-occur with and modulate the course of diverse mental disorders.
Zana za kupima
Hakuna zana zilizojengwa kwenye nadharia hii bado.
Majaribio yaliyojengwa kwenye nadharia hii
Hakuna majaribio yaliyojengwa kwenye nadharia hii bado.
Matumizi ya Kimatendo
Kipimo cha Kiwango cha 1 kinatumika kama zana ya uchunguzi wa kliniki kutambua vikoa vya dalili za kiakili ambazo zinaweza kuhitaji tathmini zaidi, kusaidia madaktari kugundua magonjwa yanayoambatana na kufuatilia mabadiliko ya dalili kwa muda. Inapatikana bure kutoka APA na inaweza kusimamiwa katika mipangilio ya kawaida ya kliniki kama zana fupi ya kuainisha. Vipimo vya Kiwango cha 2 vinatoa tathmini ya kina ya vikoa maalum vilivyoangaziwa na uchunguzi wa Kiwango cha 1.
Jinsi Inavyopimwa
Majaribio ya uwanja ya DSM-5 yalitumia muundo wa uthabiti wa jaribio-rejea katika vituo 11 vya matibabu vya kitaaluma (vituo 7 vya watu wazima, 4 vya watoto) nchini Marekani na Kanada, na uwiano wa jumla wa darasa la kati wa nzuri-hadi-bora kwa vikoa vingi.
Ukosoaji na Mipaka
Muundo wa kipengele fiche unasalia kutochunguzwa vya kutosha katika idadi ya watu wenye magonjwa ya akili katika ulimwengu halisi, na tafiti chache tu za uchanganuzi wa kipengele zilizochapishwa na hakuna makubaliano juu ya mwelekeo. Viwango vya mpaka vilivyopendekezwa vinaonyesha unyeti mkubwa lakini umaalum mdogo (safu ya 0.60-0.73), hivyo kudhibiti usahihi wa kiuchunguzi. Kukubalika katika mazoezi ya kimatibabu kumekuwa kwa polepole, kukiwa na uhalalishaji mdogo wa kitamaduni mtambuka nje ya mazingira ya Magharibi na hakuna uchanganuzi wa meta uliochapishwa wa sifa za kisaikolojia za kipimo hiki.
Machapisho Makuu
- Narrow, W. E., Clarke, D. E., Kuramoto, S. J., Kraemer, H. C., Kupfer, D. J., Greiner, L., & Regier, D. A.. (2013). DSM-5 field trials in the United States and Canada, Part III: Development and reliability testing of a cross-cutting symptom assessment for DSM-5. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12071000
- Clarke, D. E., Narrow, W. E., Regier, D. A., Kuramoto, S. J., Kupfer, D. J., Kuhl, E. A., Greiner, L., & Kraemer, H. C.. (2013). DSM-5 field trials in the United States and Canada, Part I: Study design, sampling strategy, implementation, and analytic approaches. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12070998
- Clarke, D. E. & Kuhl, E. A.. (2014). DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom measures: A step towards the future of psychiatric care?. 10.1002/wps.20154
- Gibbons, A. B., Farmer, C., Shaw, J. S., & Chung, J. Y.. (2023). Examining the factor structure of the DSM-5 Level 1 cross-cutting symptom measure. 10.1002/mpr.1953