性格論争中のエビデンス

Grit Theory

Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D. & Kelly, D. R. · 2007

別名: Grit (Duckworth)

Grit is defined as perseverance and passion for long-term goals: sustained effort in the face of setbacks combined with stability of interest over years rather than months. The construct is measured as two facets — perseverance of effort and consistency of interests — that are usually combined into a single score. Its theoretical claim is that long-term achievement depends less on talent than on the capacity to keep working toward the same distant objective, and that this capacity varies between people and is measurable.

Theory that long-term achievement depends on perseverance and passion for long-term goals (grit), comprising consistency of interest (sustained commitment to a specific domain) and perseverance of effort (working hard despite setbacks). Grit predicts success beyond talent and IQ.

出典:: Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(6), 1087-1101.
デジタルオブジェクト識別子 — ジャーナル記事への直接リンク。:: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087

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エビデンス概要

実証的サポート: 論争中のエビデンス
再現性: 部分的に再現
異文化: ほぼ普遍的
メタ分析: 6件索引済み

研究領域パーソナリティ教育心理学達成動機組織心理学

これらの評価は、理論に関する公開文献を要約したもので、それに基づいて構築された個々のテストの品質ではありません。以下に記載された出典に基づく編集判断であり、エビデンスが蓄積されるにつれて変化します。

歴史的背景

Duckworth and colleagues introduced grit in 2007 with studies of West Point cadets, National Spelling Bee finalists and Ivy League undergraduates, reporting that grit predicted retention and performance beyond IQ. The construct spread rapidly through education policy and popular writing after Duckworth's 2013 TED talk and 2016 book. A substantial methodological counter-literature developed from roughly 2016 onward, led by Credé, Tynan and Harms's meta-analysis, which questioned both the incremental validity and the factor structure. The construct is now best described as empirically contested rather than either established or discredited.

構成概念

興味の一貫性

The tendency to maintain sustained interest and commitment to a specific domain or goal over extended periods, resisting the pull of novel alternatives (Duckworth & Quinn, 2009).

努力の粘り強さ

The tendency to work hard and persist despite setbacks, obstacles, and failures — the stamina component of grit (Duckworth & Quinn, 2009).

機器

NOESIS Grit ScaleNOESIS2026

この理論に基づくテスト

Grit Assessment

Measure your perseverance and consistency of interest in long-term goals.

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実践的応用

Grit is used in educational research as a self-report predictor of persistence in demanding programmes, and in organizational settings as one input among several into understanding voluntary turnover. Its most defensible practical use is reflective: the perseverance and consistency facets give a person a concrete vocabulary for whether their difficulty is with sustaining effort or with staying interested in the same goal. It is not appropriate as a selection instrument, and framing achievement gaps as grit deficits has been widely criticised for shifting attention away from structural causes.

測定方法

Measured with a short self-report Likert scale (Grit-S: eight items) yielding two facet scores usually averaged into one; scored against normative comparisons, with no cutoff.

批評と制限事項

Credé and colleagues' meta-analysis of over 66,000 participants found that grit correlates around .84 with conscientiousness, that the perseverance facet carries nearly all the predictive power while consistency of interests carries little, and that grit adds almost nothing to academic performance prediction beyond conscientiousness. The two-facet structure is inconsistently recovered. Replication of the headline West Point findings has been mixed. Critics have also objected on policy grounds to the construct's use in education, arguing that it individualises structural disadvantage.

主要文献

Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D. & Kelly, D. R.. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals. 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087
Crede, M., Tynan, M. C. & Harms, P. D.. (2017). Much ado about grit: A meta-analytic synthesis of the grit literature. 10.1037/pspp0000102
Duckworth, A. L. & Quinn, P. D.. (2009). Development and validation of the Short Grit Scale (Grit-S). 10.1080/00223890802634290