人格
Psychobiological Model of Temperament and Character
也被称为: Cloninger TCI model · Temperament and Character Inventory · Seven-factor temperament-character
Personality as two distinct domains: temperament (heritable, neurobiologically grounded automatic responses — novelty seeking linked to dopaminergic activity, harm avoidance to serotonergic, reward dependence to noradrenergic, and persistence to partial reinforcement schedules) and character (self-concept maturation shaped by experience — self-directedness, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence). The model is unique in proposing specific neurochemical substrates for temperament dimensions and in distinguishing what is inherited from what is developed.
- 来源:
- Cloninger, C. R., Svrakic, D. M., & Przybeck, T. R. (1993). A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50(12), 975-990.
参加基于此理论的经过验证的测试
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构念
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工具
- IPIP Representation of Cloninger's TCI(IPIP-TCI)Goldberg (IPIP); Cloninger, Svrakic & Przybeck (TCI model)2008